LLB

An LLB (Bachelor of Laws) is an intensive professional degree designed to build statutory mastery, legal reasoning, constitutional understanding, and advocacy skills.

In India, legal education is regulated by the Bar Council of India (BCI). The program is offered via two primary routes:

3-Year LLB: Divided into 6 Semesters (for graduates in any discipline).

5-Year Integrated LLB (BA LLB / BBA LLB / BSc LLB): Divided into 10 Semesters (combines pre-law foundational courses in the first 2 years with the core law syllabus across years 3–5).

Complete Semester-Wise Syllabus (3-Year LLB)
Note: In a 5-Year Integrated program, pre-law subjects (Political Science, Sociology, Economics, Management) are integrated into Semesters 1–4, and the core legal curriculum below spans Semesters 3–10.

Year 1: Foundations of Law
Semester 1
Jurisprudence: Legal theory, sources of law, concepts of rights, duties, ownership, and possession.

Law of Torts & Consumer Protection: Civil wrongs, negligence, strict & absolute liability, consumer dispute resolution.

Law of Contracts - I: General principles of contract law, Indian Contract Act (Sections 1–75), remedies for breach.

Family Law - I: Personal laws (marriage, divorce, maintenance, and adoption under Hindu & Muslim personal laws).

Constitutional Law - I: Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, and Fundamental Duties.

Semester 2
Constitutional Law - II: Executive, Legislature, Judiciary, Emergency Provisions, and Constitutional Amendments.

Law of Contracts - II: Special contracts (Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment, Pledge, Agency) and Sale of Goods / Partnership Act.

Family Law - II: Successional rights, inheritance, partition, and guardianship laws.

IPC / Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS): General principles of criminal liability, offences against body, property, state, and public tranquility.

Professional Ethics & Bar-Bench Relations: BCI rules, advocate duties, and contempt of court law.

Year 2: Statutory & Procedural Frameworks
Semester 3
CrPC / Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS): Criminal procedure, investigation, arrest, bail, charge framing, and trial procedures.

Property Law & Transfer of Property Act: Movable and immovable property, sale, mortgage, lease, exchange, and gift.

Company Law: Corporate personality, incorporation, shares, management, board meetings, and winding up under Companies Act.

Administrative Law: Delegation of legislative powers, principles of natural justice, judicial review, and administrative tribunals.

Public International Law: Sources, state recognition, territory, treaties, extradition, asylum, and the UN system.

Semester 4
Civil Procedure Code (CPC) & Limitation Act: Civil court jurisdiction, pleadings, suits, execution of decrees, appeals, and time bars.

Law of Evidence / Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA): Relevance, admissibility, burden of proof, witnesses, and electronic evidence.

Labour & Industrial Laws - I: Industrial disputes, trade unions, standing orders, and dispute settlement machinery.

Environmental Law: Constitutional provisions for protection, Water/Air Acts, Environment Protection Act, National Green Tribunal (NGT).

Elective I: Insurance Law / Banking Law / Criminology.

Year 3: Specializations & Practical Training
Semester 5
Labour & Industrial Laws - II: Wages, social security, factory safety, and compensation legislation.

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR): Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks, Designs, and Geographical Indications.

Taxation Law: Direct tax (Income Tax Act) and Indirect tax (GST framework).

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) (Clinical Paper): Arbitration, Conciliation, Mediation, and Lok Adalats.

Elective II: Cyber Law / Human Rights Law / Maritime Law.

Semester 6
Interpretation of Statutes: Canons of interpretation, internal/external aids, beneficial and strict construction.

Drafting, Pleading & Conveyancing (Clinical Paper): Civil pleadings, criminal petitions, deeds, notices, and agreements.

Moot Court Exercise & Internship (Clinical Paper): Court room simulations, client interviewing, and mandatory internship with law firms, advocates, or NGOs.

Moot Court & Trial Advocacy: Legal research, memorial writing, and oral arguments.


Mandatory Internships: BCI requires a minimum of 12 weeks of internship over a 3-Year LLB program (20 weeks for a 5-Year Integrated LLB) across district courts, high courts, law firms, corporate legal cells, or legal aid clinics.

Post-LLB Career Paths
Litigation & Legal Practice: Enroll with a State Bar Council, clear the All India Bar Examination (AIBE), and practice in court.

Judicial Services Exam (PCS-J): Appear for state judicial examinations to become a Civil Judge / Judicial Magistrate.

Corporate & In-House Counsel: Join corporate legal departments handling contracts, compliance, and M&A.

Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs): Qualify via CLAT-PG for legal officer roles in ONGC, IOCL, BHEL, etc.

Higher Studies: Pursue LL.M. (Master of Laws) for academia, research, or international legal specialization.

Direct merit-based admission available. No entrance exam mandatory for most university cycles.